A growing tumor may press on nerves and cause facial numbness and tingling (trigeminal nerve), or facial muscle paralysis and loss of facial expression (facial nerve). Acoustic neuromas cause hearing loss, usually subtle and occurring slowly. Meniere’s disease involves decreased hearing and ringing or buzzing in the ear (tinnitus). Nystagmus is slow movement of theĮyes to one side followed by quick movement back to their original position. People usually have spinning with nausea and sometimes vomiting and nystagmus. An acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor (not cancer) of a nerve from the brain. In Meniere’s disease, there’s too much pressure on membranes in the labyrinth. More serious causes include stroke, Meniere’s disease, epilepsy, infections, multiple sclerosis, vascular disease, and tumors (acoustic neuroma). Middle ear infections can also cause vertigo.v Medicines, such as high blood pressure pills and high doses of aspirin, can also lead to vertigo. Another common cause is labyrinthitis, or inflammation (swelling) of the labyrinth from an inner ear infection. Viral infections, aging, and head trauma are the most common causes. In a condition called benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), very tiny crystals in semicircular canals of the fluid-filled chamber in the inner ear (labyrinth) can loosen and irritate nerve endings. Structures in this system sense the position and movement of the head. Most cases are mild and brief and are due to changes in the inner ear (the vestibular system). Dizziness means feeling out of balance, lightheaded, or faint. Double vision and vertigo usually resolve after several weeks of recovery in mild to moderate brain stem strokes.The word vertigo means the feeling of spinning or whirling. Because brain stem strokes do not usually affect language ability, the patient is often able to participate more fully in rehabilitation. There are also rare causes, like injury to an artery due to sudden head or neck movements. Similarly, brain stem strokes can be caused by a clot or a hemorrhage. Risk factors for brain stem stroke are the same as for strokes in other areas of the brain: high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, atrial fibrillation and smoking. Whether a survivor has minor or severe deficits depends on the location of the stroke within the brain stem, the extent of injury and how quickly treatment is provided. Like all strokes, brain stem strokes produce a wide spectrum of deficits and recovery. Patients should receive treatment as soon as possible for the best recovery. If a stroke in the brain stem results from a clot, the faster blood flow can be restored, the better the chances for recovery. More severe brain stem strokes can cause locked-in syndrome, a condition in which survivors can move only their eyes. Brain stem strokes can impair any or all of these functions. All motor control for the body flows through it. Only a half-inch in diameter, the brain stem controls all basic activities of the central nervous system: consciousness, blood pressure and breathing. A brain stem stroke can also cause double vision, slurred speech and decreased consciousness. The symptoms of vertigo dizziness or imbalance usually occur together dizziness alone is not a sign of stroke. A person may have vertigo, dizziness and severe imbalance without the hallmark of most strokes - weakness on one side of the body. Brain stem strokes can have complex symptoms, and they can be difficult to diagnose.
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